|
To select pollinizers for the single-cultivar ´Niitaka´ orchard, 265 seedlings of Korean native Pyrus calleryana var. fauriei were evaluated for their flowering period, number of flowers, thorns on the branch, and percent pollen germination. On the basis of flowering time, number of flower, thornlessness, quality of the fruit pollinated, strain ´SKK 14´ and ´SKK 19´ were finally selected as proper pollinizer cultivars for single-cultivar ´Niitaka´ pear orchard. The percent of pollen germination of strain ´SKK 14´ and ´SKK 19´ was above 58%. And that of Pyrus calleryana ´Bradford´ was 77%. Pollen of strain ´SKK 14´, ´SKK 19´, and Pyrus calleryana ´Bradford´ was well germinated on artificial media after 6-month-storage at 0℃. The effect of pollen sources on fruit set controlled pollinations with P. pyrifolia ´Niitaka´ was also examined. In the case of artificial pollination with strain ´SKK 14´ and P. calleryana ´Bradford´, the fruit setting was above 98%, while fruit setting by open pollination was 87% both in 1997 and in 1998. There were no differences between the fruits produced by artificial pollination with selected strain and open pollinated fruits in terms of fruit characteristics, such as fruit size, fruit shape index, skin color, fruit abnormality, seed number, fruit weight, soluble solids, and fruit hardness. However, fruits of ´Niitaka´ artificially pollinated with above 4 pollinizers tended to be larger than open-pollinated or ´Okusankichi´-pollinated fruits. In addition, There was no difference in the taste of fruits produced by open- or artificial pollination with 3 pollinizers, ´SKK 14´, P. calleryana ´Bradford´, and ´Okusankichi´. After low temperature storage for 3 months, artificially pollinated fruits of ´Niitaka´ with two selections, ´SKK 14´ and P. calleryana ´Bradford´, did not show any differences in soluble solid content, fruit hardness, and test of taste.
|